November 19 is International Mens Day, a day dedicated to recognising the positive contributions men make to society, promoting their health and wellbeing, and encouraging positive role models for future generations. This day is an important opportunity to address mens health issues that are often overlooked and a big one is fertility.

When it comes to starting a family, mens health plays a critical role in fertility and the journey to parenthood. While conversations about conception often focus on women, research shows that male factors contribute to around 40-50% of infertility cases, highlighting the importance of men being proactive about their reproductive health.

Male fertility is influenced by sperm quality and quantity, often assessed by a semen anaylsis, with or without an assessment of DNA fragmentation, including factors such as motility (how well sperm swim), morphology (sperm shape), and sperm count. Everyday choices can significantly impact seminal quality:

• Smoking, alcohol and recreational drugs can reduce sperm quality and lower the chances of conception.
• Use of testosterone or anabolic hormones are very adverse to sperm production.
• Excess weight may negatively affect hormone levels and sperm production.
• Stress and poor sleep (including snoring and sleep apnoea) can interfere with reproductive hormones and semen quality.
• There is evidence that varicocoele (varicose veins around the testis) influences fertility adversely.
• Exposure to environmental toxins such as pesticides, heavy metals, and excessive heat can also affect sperm health.

For couples experiencing difficulties conceiving, fertility treatments such as IUI and IVF can be important options. Ultimately, being proactive about mens health, fertility and emotional wellbeing benefits men now and sets the foundation for a healthier future. Prioritising preventative care, adopting healthy lifestyle choices, supporting mental health, and engaging in family planning discussions are essential steps.

International Mens Day is a reminder to celebrate men while also encouraging them to reflect on and take care of their own wellbeing.